awoooi/apps/api/src/core/trust_engine.py

"""
Trust Engine - 風險判定與 Multi-Sig 簽核邏輯
==========================================
CISO-101: 信任引擎核心實作

風險等級與簽核需求:
- LOW: 0 人，自動放行 (如 scale up)
- MEDIUM: 需 1 人簽核 (如 delete pod)
- CRITICAL: 需 2 人 Multi-Sig 雙重簽核 (如 DROP TABLE)

Features:
- 自動風險分類
- 簽核數驗證
- 狀態轉換控制
"""

from collections.abc import Callable
from datetime import UTC, datetime
from uuid import UUID

from src.models.approval import (
    ApprovalRequest,
    ApprovalRequestCreate,
    ApprovalStatus,
    BlastRadius,
    DataImpact,
    RiskLevel,
    Signature,
)

# =============================================================================
# Risk Classification Rules
# =============================================================================

# 危險關鍵字 - 用於動作分類
CRITICAL_KEYWORDS = [
    "drop",
    "delete database",
    "truncate",
    "rm -rf",
    "destroy",
    "format",
    "wipe",
    "purge all",
]

MEDIUM_KEYWORDS = [
    "delete",
    "remove",
    "stop",
    "restart",
    "rollback",
    "downgrade",
    "migrate",
]

LOW_KEYWORDS = [
    "scale",
    "update config",
    "patch",
    "upgrade",
    "add",
    "create",
]


# =============================================================================
# Signature Requirements
# =============================================================================

SIGNATURE_REQUIREMENTS: dict[RiskLevel, int] = {
    RiskLevel.LOW: 0,       # 自動放行
    RiskLevel.MEDIUM: 1,    # 單人簽核
    RiskLevel.CRITICAL: 2,  # Multi-Sig 雙重簽核
}


def get_required_signatures(risk_level: RiskLevel) -> int:
    """根據風險等級取得所需簽核數"""
    return SIGNATURE_REQUIREMENTS.get(risk_level, 1)


# =============================================================================
# Risk Classification
# =============================================================================

def classify_risk_by_action(action: str) -> RiskLevel:
    """
    根據動作描述自動分類風險等級

    優先順序: CRITICAL > MEDIUM > LOW
    """
    action_lower = action.lower()

    # Check CRITICAL first
    for keyword in CRITICAL_KEYWORDS:
        if keyword in action_lower:
            return RiskLevel.CRITICAL

    # Check MEDIUM
    for keyword in MEDIUM_KEYWORDS:
        if keyword in action_lower:
            return RiskLevel.MEDIUM

    # Check LOW
    for keyword in LOW_KEYWORDS:
        if keyword in action_lower:
            return RiskLevel.LOW

    # Default to MEDIUM for unknown actions
    return RiskLevel.MEDIUM


def classify_risk_by_blast_radius(blast_radius: BlastRadius) -> RiskLevel:
    """
    根據爆炸半徑分類風險等級

    - DESTRUCTIVE 數據影響 → CRITICAL
    - 影響 > 10 pods 或多於 3 個關聯服務 → CRITICAL
    - 影響 > 3 pods 或有停機時間 → MEDIUM
    - 其他 → LOW
    """
    # DESTRUCTIVE 資料影響直接升級為 CRITICAL
    if blast_radius.data_impact == DataImpact.DESTRUCTIVE:
        return RiskLevel.CRITICAL

    # WRITE 資料影響至少 MEDIUM
    if blast_radius.data_impact == DataImpact.WRITE:
        if blast_radius.affected_pods > 5 or len(blast_radius.related_services) > 2:
            return RiskLevel.CRITICAL
        return RiskLevel.MEDIUM

    # 根據影響範圍判定
    if blast_radius.affected_pods > 10:
        return RiskLevel.CRITICAL
    if len(blast_radius.related_services) > 3:
        return RiskLevel.CRITICAL

    if blast_radius.affected_pods > 3:
        return RiskLevel.MEDIUM
    if blast_radius.estimated_downtime != "0":
        return RiskLevel.MEDIUM
    if len(blast_radius.related_services) > 1:
        return RiskLevel.MEDIUM

    return RiskLevel.LOW


def classify_risk(
    action: str,
    blast_radius: BlastRadius | None = None,
    explicit_level: RiskLevel | None = None,
) -> RiskLevel:
    """
    綜合風險分類 - 取最高風險等級

    Args:
        action: 動作描述
        blast_radius: 爆炸半徑
        explicit_level: 明確指定的風險等級 (優先)

    Returns:
        最終風險等級
    """
    # 如果明確指定，直接使用
    if explicit_level is not None:
        return explicit_level

    # 從動作分類
    action_risk = classify_risk_by_action(action)

    # 從爆炸半徑分類
    blast_risk = RiskLevel.LOW
    if blast_radius:
        blast_risk = classify_risk_by_blast_radius(blast_radius)

    # 取較高風險等級
    risk_order = [RiskLevel.LOW, RiskLevel.MEDIUM, RiskLevel.CRITICAL]
    action_idx = risk_order.index(action_risk)
    blast_idx = risk_order.index(blast_risk)

    return risk_order[max(action_idx, blast_idx)]


# =============================================================================
# Approval State Machine
# =============================================================================

class TrustEngine:
    """
    信任引擎 - 管理授權請求生命週期

    狀態機:
        PENDING → APPROVED (當簽核數滿足)
        PENDING → REJECTED (當被拒絕)
        PENDING → EXPIRED (當過期)
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        on_approved: Callable[[ApprovalRequest], None] | None = None,
        on_rejected: Callable[[ApprovalRequest], None] | None = None,
    ):
        """
        初始化信任引擎

        Args:
            on_approved: 當請求被批准時的回調
            on_rejected: 當請求被拒絕時的回調
        """
        self._approvals: dict[UUID, ApprovalRequest] = {}
        self._on_approved = on_approved
        self._on_rejected = on_rejected

    def create_approval(
        self,
        request: ApprovalRequestCreate,
    ) -> ApprovalRequest:
        """
        建立新的授權請求

        自動根據風險等級設定所需簽核數
        LOW 風險自動批准
        """
        # 分類風險
        risk_level = classify_risk(
            action=request.action,
            blast_radius=request.blast_radius,
            explicit_level=request.risk_level,
        )

        # 取得所需簽核數
        required_sigs = get_required_signatures(risk_level)

        # 建立完整請求
        approval = ApprovalRequest(
            action=request.action,
            description=request.description,
            risk_level=risk_level,
            blast_radius=request.blast_radius,
            dry_run_checks=request.dry_run_checks,
            requested_by=request.requested_by,
            expires_at=request.expires_at,
            metadata=request.metadata,
            required_signatures=required_sigs,
        )

        # LOW 風險自動批准
        if risk_level == RiskLevel.LOW:
            approval.status = ApprovalStatus.APPROVED
            approval.resolved_at = datetime.now(UTC)
            if self._on_approved:
                self._on_approved(approval)

        # 儲存
        self._approvals[approval.id] = approval
        return approval

    def get_approval(self, approval_id: UUID) -> ApprovalRequest | None:
        """取得授權請求"""
        return self._approvals.get(approval_id)

    def get_pending_approvals(self) -> list[ApprovalRequest]:
        """取得所有待簽核請求"""
        now = datetime.now(UTC)
        pending = []

        for approval in self._approvals.values():
            # 檢查是否過期
            if approval.status == ApprovalStatus.PENDING:
                if approval.expires_at and approval.expires_at < now:
                    approval.status = ApprovalStatus.EXPIRED
                    approval.resolved_at = now
                else:
                    pending.append(approval)

        # 按建立時間排序 (最新優先)
        pending.sort(key=lambda x: x.created_at, reverse=True)
        return pending

    def sign_approval(
        self,
        approval_id: UUID,
        signer_id: str,
        signer_name: str,
        comment: str | None = None,
    ) -> tuple[ApprovalRequest | None, str, bool]:
        """
        簽核授權請求

        Returns:
            (approval, message, execution_triggered)
            - approval: 更新後的請求 (None 表示失敗)
            - message: 結果訊息
            - execution_triggered: 是否觸發執行
        """
        approval = self._approvals.get(approval_id)

        if not approval:
            return None, "Approval not found", False

        if approval.status != ApprovalStatus.PENDING:
            return approval, f"Cannot sign: status is {approval.status.value}", False

        # 檢查是否已簽核
        if approval.has_signer(signer_id):
            return approval, f"Signer {signer_id} has already signed", False

        # 新增簽核
        signature = Signature(
            signer_id=signer_id,
            signer_name=signer_name,
            comment=comment,
        )
        approval.signatures.append(signature)
        approval.updated_at = datetime.now(UTC)

        # 檢查是否滿足簽核數
        _execution_triggered = False
        if approval.is_fully_signed:
            approval.status = ApprovalStatus.APPROVED
            approval.resolved_at = datetime.now(UTC)
            _execution_triggered = True

            if self._on_approved:
                self._on_approved(approval)

            return approval, "Approval completed - execution triggered", True

        remaining = approval.remaining_signatures
        return approval, f"Signed. {remaining} more signature(s) required", False

    def reject_approval(
        self,
        approval_id: UUID,
        rejector_id: str,
        rejector_name: str,
        reason: str,
    ) -> tuple[ApprovalRequest | None, str]:
        """
        拒絕授權請求

        Returns:
            (approval, message)
        """
        approval = self._approvals.get(approval_id)

        if not approval:
            return None, "Approval not found"

        if approval.status != ApprovalStatus.PENDING:
            return approval, f"Cannot reject: status is {approval.status.value}"

        # 更新狀態
        approval.status = ApprovalStatus.REJECTED
        approval.rejection_reason = f"[{rejector_name}] {reason}"
        approval.resolved_at = datetime.now(UTC)
        approval.updated_at = datetime.now(UTC)

        if self._on_rejected:
            self._on_rejected(approval)

        return approval, "Approval rejected"

    def expire_stale_approvals(self) -> list[ApprovalRequest]:
        """
        過期所有超時的待簽核請求

        Returns:
            已過期的請求列表
        """
        now = datetime.now(UTC)
        expired = []

        for approval in self._approvals.values():
            if approval.status == ApprovalStatus.PENDING:
                if approval.expires_at and approval.expires_at < now:
                    approval.status = ApprovalStatus.EXPIRED
                    approval.resolved_at = now
                    approval.updated_at = now
                    expired.append(approval)

        return expired


# =============================================================================
# Singleton Instance
# =============================================================================

_trust_engine: TrustEngine | None = None


def get_trust_engine() -> TrustEngine:
    """取得全域信任引擎實例"""
    global _trust_engine
    if _trust_engine is None:
        _trust_engine = TrustEngine()
    return _trust_engine


def reset_trust_engine() -> None:
    """重置信任引擎 (僅供測試使用)"""
    global _trust_engine
    _trust_engine = None