"""
Privacy Shield - BFF 脫敏攔截器
Phase 2.4: 資料清理引擎

在送給 LLM 之前，自動脫敏機敏資料：
- IPv4/IPv6 地址 → [IP_1], [IP_2], ...
- Email 信箱 → [EMAIL_1], [EMAIL_2], ...
- UUIDs/Tokens → [SECRET_1], [SECRET_2], ...
- API Keys (sk-*) → [SECRET_1], [SECRET_2], ...

特色：一致性雜湊 (Consistent Hashing)
- 同一段 Log 裡的同一個 IP，會被替換成同一個標籤
- AI 仍能辨識「這兩個 IP 是同一個」
"""

import re
from collections.abc import Callable
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum

# ==================== Types ====================


class SensitiveDataType(str, Enum):
    """機敏資料類型"""
    IP_ADDRESS = "IP"
    EMAIL = "EMAIL"
    SECRET = "SECRET"      # UUID, Token, API Key
    CREDIT_CARD = "CC"     # 未來擴充
    PHONE = "PHONE"        # 未來擴充
    ID_NUMBER = "ID"       # 未來擴充


@dataclass
class RedactionMatch:
    """單次脫敏匹配"""
    original: str
    redacted: str
    data_type: SensitiveDataType
    start: int
    end: int


@dataclass
class RedactionResult:
    """脫敏結果"""
    original_text: str
    redacted_text: str
    matches: list[RedactionMatch]
    mapping: dict[str, str]  # 原始值 → 脫敏標籤 (可逆映射)

    @property
    def has_sensitive_data(self) -> bool:
        return len(self.matches) > 0

    @property
    def stats(self) -> dict[str, int]:
        """各類型脫敏統計"""
        stats: dict[str, int] = {}
        for match in self.matches:
            key = match.data_type.value
            stats[key] = stats.get(key, 0) + 1
        return stats


# ==================== Regex Patterns ====================


# IPv4: 192.168.1.1
PATTERN_IPV4 = re.compile(
    r'\b(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}'
    r'(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\b'
)

# IPv6: 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334 (簡化版)
PATTERN_IPV6 = re.compile(
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}\b|'  # 完整格式
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,7}:\b|'                # 壓縮格式
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,6}:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}\b|'
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,5}(?::[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,2}\b|'
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}(?::[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,3}\b|'
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,3}(?::[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,4}\b|'
    r'\b(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,2}(?::[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,5}\b|'
    r'\b[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:(?::[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,6}\b|'
    r'\b::(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}\b|'
    r'\b::1\b'  # localhost
)

# Email: user@example.com
PATTERN_EMAIL = re.compile(
    r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}\b'
)

# UUID: 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
PATTERN_UUID = re.compile(
    r'\b[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-'
    r'[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}\b'
)

# API Keys: sk-xxx, pk-xxx, key-xxx, token-xxx
PATTERN_API_KEY = re.compile(
    r'\b(?:sk|pk|api|key|token|bearer|secret|password|pwd|auth)[-_]?'
    r'[a-zA-Z0-9]{16,}\b',
    re.IGNORECASE
)

# Generic long tokens (32+ hex/alphanumeric)
PATTERN_LONG_TOKEN = re.compile(
    r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]{32,}\b'
)

# JWT-like tokens (xxx.xxx.xxx)
PATTERN_JWT = re.compile(
    r'\beyJ[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\b'
)


# ==================== Privacy Shield Engine ====================


@dataclass
class ConsistentMapper:
    """
    一致性映射器

    確保同一個值在同一個上下文中被映射到同一個標籤
    例如：192.168.1.1 總是映射到 [IP_1]
    """
    prefix: str
    _counter: int = 0
    _mapping: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=dict)
    _reverse: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=dict)

    def get_label(self, value: str) -> str:
        """取得或建立標籤"""
        if value not in self._mapping:
            self._counter += 1
            label = f"[{self.prefix}_{self._counter}]"
            self._mapping[value] = label
            self._reverse[label] = value
        return self._mapping[value]

    def get_original(self, label: str) -> str | None:
        """反查原始值 (用於還原)"""
        return self._reverse.get(label)

    @property
    def mapping(self) -> dict[str, str]:
        return self._mapping.copy()


class PrivacyShield:
    """
    Privacy Shield 脫敏引擎

    BFF 層攔截器，在送給 LLM 前自動脫敏機敏資料
    使用一致性雜湊確保同值同標籤，AI 仍能辨識上下文關係
    """

    def __init__(self):
        # 預設啟用的規則 (可動態配置)
        self.rules: list[tuple[re.Pattern, SensitiveDataType]] = [
            (PATTERN_API_KEY, SensitiveDataType.SECRET),   # API Key 優先
            (PATTERN_JWT, SensitiveDataType.SECRET),       # JWT Token
            (PATTERN_UUID, SensitiveDataType.SECRET),      # UUID
            (PATTERN_EMAIL, SensitiveDataType.EMAIL),      # Email
            (PATTERN_IPV6, SensitiveDataType.IP_ADDRESS),  # IPv6 先於 IPv4
            (PATTERN_IPV4, SensitiveDataType.IP_ADDRESS),  # IPv4
            (PATTERN_LONG_TOKEN, SensitiveDataType.SECRET), # 長 Token (最後)
        ]

    def redact(self, text: str) -> RedactionResult:
        """
        執行脫敏

        Args:
            text: 原始文字 (Log、錯誤訊息、使用者輸入等)

        Returns:
            RedactionResult 包含脫敏後文字、匹配列表、映射表
        """
        # 每次 redact 使用獨立的 mapper，確保同一批文字內一致
        mappers: dict[SensitiveDataType, ConsistentMapper] = {
            SensitiveDataType.IP_ADDRESS: ConsistentMapper(prefix="IP"),
            SensitiveDataType.EMAIL: ConsistentMapper(prefix="EMAIL"),
            SensitiveDataType.SECRET: ConsistentMapper(prefix="SECRET"),
        }

        matches: list[RedactionMatch] = []
        redacted_positions: set[tuple[int, int]] = set()

        # 1. 收集所有匹配 (避免重疊)
        all_matches: list[tuple[re.Match, SensitiveDataType]] = []
        for pattern, data_type in self.rules:
            for match in pattern.finditer(text):
                # 檢查是否與已匹配區域重疊
                start, end = match.start(), match.end()
                overlaps = any(
                    not (end <= s or start >= e)
                    for s, e in redacted_positions
                )
                if not overlaps:
                    all_matches.append((match, data_type))
                    redacted_positions.add((start, end))

        # 2. 按位置排序 (從後往前替換，避免位移)
        all_matches.sort(key=lambda x: x[0].start(), reverse=True)

        # 3. 執行替換
        result_text = text
        for match, data_type in all_matches:
            original = match.group()
            mapper = mappers[data_type]
            label = mapper.get_label(original)

            # 記錄匹配
            matches.append(RedactionMatch(
                original=original,
                redacted=label,
                data_type=data_type,
                start=match.start(),
                end=match.end(),
            ))

            # 替換文字
            result_text = (
                result_text[:match.start()] +
                label +
                result_text[match.end():]
            )

        # 反轉 matches 順序 (恢復正序)
        matches.reverse()

        # 合併所有映射
        combined_mapping: dict[str, str] = {}
        for mapper in mappers.values():
            combined_mapping.update(mapper.mapping)

        return RedactionResult(
            original_text=text,
            redacted_text=result_text,
            matches=matches,
            mapping=combined_mapping,
        )

    def redact_batch(self, texts: list[str]) -> list[RedactionResult]:
        """批次脫敏 (每個文字獨立映射)"""
        return [self.redact(text) for text in texts]

    def redact_with_shared_context(self, texts: list[str]) -> tuple[list[str], dict[str, str]]:
        """
        共享上下文批次脫敏

        多段文字共用同一個映射器，確保跨文字的同值同標籤
        適用於：多行 Log、對話歷史等
        """
        mappers: dict[SensitiveDataType, ConsistentMapper] = {
            SensitiveDataType.IP_ADDRESS: ConsistentMapper(prefix="IP"),
            SensitiveDataType.EMAIL: ConsistentMapper(prefix="EMAIL"),
            SensitiveDataType.SECRET: ConsistentMapper(prefix="SECRET"),
        }

        results: list[str] = []
        for text in texts:
            result_text = text
            redacted_positions: set[tuple[int, int]] = set()
            all_matches: list[tuple[re.Match, SensitiveDataType]] = []

            for pattern, data_type in self.rules:
                for match in pattern.finditer(text):
                    start, end = match.start(), match.end()
                    overlaps = any(
                        not (end <= s or start >= e)
                        for s, e in redacted_positions
                    )
                    if not overlaps:
                        all_matches.append((match, data_type))
                        redacted_positions.add((start, end))

            all_matches.sort(key=lambda x: x[0].start(), reverse=True)

            for match, data_type in all_matches:
                original = match.group()
                label = mappers[data_type].get_label(original)
                result_text = (
                    result_text[:match.start()] +
                    label +
                    result_text[match.end():]
                )

            results.append(result_text)

        # 合併映射
        combined_mapping: dict[str, str] = {}
        for mapper in mappers.values():
            combined_mapping.update(mapper.mapping)

        return results, combined_mapping

    def restore(self, text: str, mapping: dict[str, str]) -> str:
        """
        還原脫敏文字 (用於除錯或日誌記錄)

        ⚠️ 警告：只應在 BFF 內部使用，絕不可還原後送給外部系統
        """
        result = text
        # 反轉映射
        reverse_mapping = {v: k for k, v in mapping.items()}
        for label, original in reverse_mapping.items():
            result = result.replace(label, original)
        return result


# ==================== FastAPI Middleware Integration ====================


def create_privacy_middleware(shield: "PrivacyShield"):
    """
    建立 FastAPI 中間件

    用於自動脫敏請求/回應中的機敏資料
    """
    from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware
    from starlette.requests import Request
    from starlette.responses import Response

    class PrivacyShieldMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
        async def dispatch(self, request: Request, call_next: Callable) -> Response:
            # TODO: 實作請求/回應脫敏
            # 目前僅作為範例骨架
            response = await call_next(request)
            return response

    return PrivacyShieldMiddleware


# 全域引擎實例
privacy_shield = PrivacyShield()