diff --git a/apps/api/src/db/base.py b/apps/api/src/db/base.py
index e17a68ab..12082876 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/db/base.py
+++ b/apps/api/src/db/base.py
@@ -144,9 +144,19 @@ async def init_db() -> None:
     """
     engine = get_engine()
     async with engine.begin() as conn:
-        # checkfirst=True: 存在的 table/index 直接跳過，避免 rolling update 重啟時
-        # "relation already exists" CrashLoopBackOff（2026-04-15 Claude Sonnet 4.6 Phase 3 修復）
-        await conn.run_sync(lambda c: Base.metadata.create_all(c, checkfirst=True))
+        # SQLAlchemy 2.0 問題：create_all(checkfirst=True) 跳過 CREATE TABLE，
+        # 但仍對 __table_args__ Index 物件發出獨立 CREATE INDEX → CrashLoopBackOff
+        # 修法：先 inspect 取得現有 tables，只對不存在的 table 呼叫 table.create()
+        # 這樣 index 只隨新 table 一起建立，永遠不會 duplicate
+        # 2026-04-15 Claude Sonnet 4.6（亞太）Phase 3 修復
+        def _create_missing_tables(sync_conn):
+            from sqlalchemy import inspect as sa_inspect
+            existing = set(sa_inspect(sync_conn).get_table_names())
+            for table in Base.metadata.sorted_tables:
+                if table.name not in existing:
+                    table.create(sync_conn)
+
+        await conn.run_sync(_create_missing_tables)
 
         # 2026-04-02 Claude Code: 確保 risklevel enum 包含 'high' 值
         # Phase 23 新增，避免舊 DB 缺少此值導致 InvalidTextRepresentation